QUALIFICATION

“Descendants of Enslaved Africans” is an umbrella classification that includes—but is not limited to—individuals who identify as Native, Indigenous, Aboriginal, Autochthonous, Moorish, Black, African, African American, Freedmen, Colored, Negro, Slave, or any other descriptor historically applied to copper-toned peoples with generational roots tied to the United States.

These labels were arbitrarily applied and routinely altered, erased, and reclassified through racial identity laws within colonial and U.S. legal systems that imposed artificial categories to convert human beings—many of whom were prisoners of war, abducted, or otherwise unlawfully detained captives—into chattel property under statutory frameworks.

This classification recognizes that identity was not self-determined, but legally imposed to facilitate enslavement; therefore, eligibility cannot be limited by those same imposed labels. Eligibility is based on generational harm, forced labor, and systemic deprivation of rights, not modern DNA testing or current identity labels.

FORM RESULTS

6,800 Responses

TEAMWORK MAKES THE DREAM WORK

Black spending power in America is $2.1 Trillion Dollars annually. If 250,000 of us donated just $4, our legal fund would have $1 Million Dollars in one hour. And yes… it really is that simple. Your support help cover class action expenses, including class administration, operations and court fees.

HISTORY

The history of Black people in America is not one story. It has several intertwined histories. Millions of Africans were kidnapped, trafficked across the Atlantic, and enslaved in the Americas, including in what became the United States. That history is documented through survivor testimony, shipping records, court records, and archaeological evidence, including the confirmed wreck of the Clotilda, the last known vessel to bring captive Africans to the United States, and other recovered slave ships such as the São José, which sank with enslaved Africans aboard.

While not all slave ships have been recovered, this is not evidence of absence. Many ships were made of wood and deteriorated over time, were destroyed by storms and ocean conditions, buried under sediment, salvaged, or deliberately burned and sunk to conceal evidence of the trade. Historians and researchers estimate that hundreds of slave ships were lost at sea, with only a small number identified to date.

This history is also preserved through firsthand testimony. In Barracoon, based on 1927 interviews by Zora Neale Hurston, Cudjo Lewis, the last known survivor of the transatlantic slave trade to the United States shares his story. His account undercuts the false narrative that enslaved Africans arrived as a faceless mass. He was a named human being with a homeland, language, memory, grief, and political history before enslavement. His story shows that slavery was not just unpaid labor — it was kidnapping, trafficking, family destruction, cultural destruction, identity theft, and inter-generational economic theft. Barracoon does more than prove the trade happened. It restores the humanity of one man who survived it, his life before capture, the crime of transport, and the struggle to rebuild after slavery.

At the same time, some Black families are also Afro-Indigenous or Black Native, and many Native identities were erased or reclassified by racist laws and record-keeping. This action recognizes both truths: the documented crime of African enslavement and the layered, often-erased identities of Black people in America.

The harms of slavery and its aftermath were imposed across generations, including through forced labor, family separation, cultural destruction, land loss, legal exclusion, and identity erasure.

PRECEDENT ON REPARATIONS

The U.S. and other governments have already established reparations as a legal remedy:

• Japanese Americans (WWII internment): $20,000 each
• Holocaust survivors: billions paid by Germany
• Native American tribes: land and financial settlements
• Victims of forced sterilization: state compensation
• Rosewood massacre victims: state reparations
• 9/11 families: federal compensation
• Slave owners were compensated while the enslaved were not

BACKGROUND OF THE CASE

While the U.S. has argued that slavery was “legal at the time,” that legal framework was created to justify the harm itself. But, legality does not erase liability.  The global community has now formally recognized what happened: 123 countries at the United Nations identified enslavement of Africans as the gravest crime against humanity.

HARM TO DESCENDANTS OF ENSLAVED AFRICANS

• The broken promise of 40 acres and a mule
• Generational unpaid labor
• Compounded economic loss
• Emotional distress and intergenerational harm
• Loss of land and land value
• 400+ years of unpaid labor
• Wrongful death claims
• Psychological and cultural damages
• Lost inheritance and economic opportunity
• Chattel slavery
• Forced labor without compensation
• Family separation
• Cultural and identity erasure
• Racial terror and economic exclusion
• Generational wealth deprivation

LEGAL STRATEGY

This case addresses over 400 years of systemic harm, including: Chattel slavery, Forced labor without compensation, Family separation, Cultural and identity erasure, Racial terror and economic exclusion, Generational wealth deprivation.

Respondents

• Federal government
• State governments
• Institutions that directly benefited from slavery

Congressional Action

• U.S. House Judiciary Committee
• Congressional Black Caucus
• Demands: Reparations hearings, Legislative action, National compensation framework

Filing Jurisdiction

Federal Court (nationwide class scope)

Legal Basis

• Unjust enrichment
• Crimes against humanity
• Constitutional violations (equal protection, due process)
• International human rights law
• Economic exploitation and labor theft

Status

Evidence & Community Building Phase

International Pressure

• Alignment with United Nations findings
• Alignment with global human rights bodies
• Elevation to the international stage

Time Line

The average time frame for a class action from start to finish is approximately 3 years.

CLASS ADMINISTRATOR AND CLASS COUNSEL

Dr. Anelia Sutton is the Class Administrator, and Class Counsel is a team of legal advocates, researchers, paralegals, and attorneys. The Class Administrator will file to receive 25% of the settlement award to cover all class action expenses.

SETTLEMENT CLASS

Descendants of enslaved Africans in the United States will share 75% of the settlement if successful.

Group A Class Representatives: Participants who will testify in court or congress 

Group B General Class Members: Participants who will NOT testify in court or congress

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